ARTILLERY
METEOROLOGY
FM 6-15
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FIELD MANUAL
HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
JUNE 1962
FIELD MANUAL
No. 6-15
HEADQUARTERS,
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WASHINGTON 25, D. C., 28 June 1962
ARTILLERY METEOROLOGY
Paragraplhs Page
PART ()ON. GENERAL
CHAPTER 1. INTRODIUCTION 1, 2 3
2. ELEMENTARY METEOROLOGY
Section I. General- -- -- - -- - -- -3-6 5
II. The earth's atmosphere --------------------------------------------------- 7-14 6
III. Air masses and frontal activity -..--------------- 15-18 16
IV. Synoptic weather -..- 19-22 22
CHAPTER 3. METEOROLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE FIELD ARMY -------------- 23-28 25
4. ORGANIZATION, MISSION, CAPABILITIES, ANDI LIMITATIONS OF THE
ARTILLERY METEOROLOGICAL SECTION -------------------------------- 29-35 33
5. AI)I)ITIONAL SOURCES OF METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION ----------- 36-40 41
PART Two. BALLISTIC METEOROLOGY
CHAPTER 6. METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATION EQUIPMENT
Section I. Station, manual AN/TMQ-4 ------------------------------- 41-48 43
II. Surface observation equipment ----------------------------- 4)-54 57
III. Inflation equipment and balloons- ........................ 55-70 62
IV. Plotting and communications equipment -.------------------------------------ 71, 72 83
V. Rawinsonde system -.------------------------------------------ 73, 74 85
VI. Radiosondes ----------------------------------------------------------- 75-77 86
VII. Rawin set AN/GMI)-1( ) ------------------------------------- 78-83 92
VIII. Radiosonde recorder AN/TMQ-5( ) -------------------------------------- 84-90 100
IX. Calibration equipment -91-93 102
X. Power units -- ------------------------------------------------------------- 94,95 106
XI. Meteorological observation set SCM-12 --------------------------------- 96, 97 112
CHAPTER 7. OBSERVATION TECHNIQUES
Section I. Organization of teams - ----------------------------------- 98-103 115
II. Selection and occupation of position ------------------------------------- 104-109 116
III. Team duties before balloon release ----------------------------------- 110-122 121
IV. Team duties during balloon release ---------- ----------------------------------- 123-125 137
V. Duties of temperature-density team during flight ---------------------------------- 126-149 137
VI. Duties of ballistic winds team after balloon release ------------------------------- 150-156 183
CHAPTER 8. ENCODING ANI) TRANSMISSION OF BALLISTIC MESSAGES -------------- 157-161 195
9. D)ETERMINATION OF BALLISTIC DENSITIES ANI) TEMPERATURES FROM
SURFACE OBSERVATIONS --------------------------- 162-166 205
10. DETERMINATION OF BALLISTIC WINDS FROM OBSERVATION OF PILOT
BALLOONS -167-170 213
11. VALIDITY OF BALLISTIC METEOROLOGICAL MESSAGES ------------------ 171-175 227
PART THREE. METEOROLOGY FOR SOUND RANGING
CHAPTER 12. PRINCIPLES OF SOUND RANGING -------------------------------- 176-178 229
13. SOUND RANGING MESSAGE D)EVELOPED FROM RAI)IOSONI)E DATA ---- 179-183 231
14. SOUND RANGING MESSAGE DEVELOPEI) FROM SURFACE AN]) PILOT
BALLOON OBSERVATIONS -184-188 237
PART FOUR. METEOROLOGY FOR RAI)IOLOGICAL FALLOUT PREI)ICTION ------------
CHAPTER 15. GENERAL -189, 190 2t43
16. FALLOUT METEOROLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS - 191 l------------- )1-1)93 245
17. D)ETERMINATION OF HIGH-ALTITUDE WINDS -..--- - 194-1!97 247
18. DETERMINATION OF THE TROPOPAUSE ----------------------------- 198-200 251
19. ENCODING AND' TRANSMISSION OF FALLOUT METEOROLOGICAL
MESSAGE -.--------------------- -- 201, 202 255
PART FIVE. AIR WEATHER SERVICE
TAGO 6464A-June 1
CHAPTER 20. ORGANIZATION AND MISSION OF THE AIR WEATHER SERVICE WITH
THE U.S. ARMY.
Section I. Introduction -203-207 259
II. Air Weather Service support function and organization with the army ---------------- 208-211 260
CHAPTERL 21. WEATHER FORECAST CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE AIR
WEATHER SERVICE -212-215 269
22. ENCOI)ING AND EXCHANGE OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA BETWEEN
AIR WEATHER SERVICE AND ARMY ARTILLERY - 216-221 271
PART SIX. SPECIAL APPLICATIONS AND MISCELLANEOUS OPERATIONS
CHAPTER 23. MEASUREMENT OF LOW-LEVEL WINDS FOR FREE ROCKETS ------------ 222-224 277
24. RADAR WINI)S -.......................... 225-229 287
25. WEATHER DATA FOR USE WITH ARTILLERY COMPUTERS --------------- 230-233 291
26. ARCTIC AND JUNGLE: OPERATIONS
Section I. Arctic operations -234, 235 297
II. Jungle operations -------------------------------------------------------- 236-238 298
CHAPTER 27. I)ETERMINATION OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY INDEX ----------- 239-243 301
28. DETERMINATION OF WIND CHILL FACTOR -.----------------------- 244, 245 305
29. INSPECTIONS AND INSPECTION CHECKLISTS
Section I. General- 246-248 307
II. Command inspections ----------------------------------------------------- 249-251 308
CHAPTER 30. DETERMINATION OF PRESSURE ALTITUDES ----------------------------- 252-255 313
31. CAMOUFLAGE PROCEI)URES -256-260 317
32. I)ECONTAMINATION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------ 261-263 321
33. DESTRUCTION OF EQUIPMENT ----------------------------- 264-266 323
34. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS -267-269 325
APPENDIX I. REFERENCES ------------------------------ 327
II. INSPECTION CHECKLISTS .- --- ------------------ 331
GLOSSARPY ____-----------------------. -- 335
INDEX ___________________________--------- 341
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